kneass



2 SheetsSheet 1.

(ModeL S. L. KNEASS.

INJECTOR.

Patented Jan. 10, 1 888.

INVENTOR.

WITNESSES.

N. PETERS. PlwluLilhogmpher, Wuh'mgion. u.c.

3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

sTaioKLAnD L. KNEASS, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANI ssrenon TO WILLIAM snLLnns & COMPANY, INCORPORATED, or sAME PLAcn.

INJECTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofLetters Patent No. 376,315, dated January 10, 1888.

Application filed July 16, 1887. Serial No. 244,565. (Modeh) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STRIOKLAND LANDIs KNEASS, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injectors, of which improvements the following is a specification.

My invention relates, principally, to that class of injectors in which the water receives successive impulses from two or more jets of steam arranged in the same axial line, the velocity of the water being continually accelerated without being diverted from its course until it has acquired the velocity requisite to enable it to enter the boiler, but is also applicable to injectors having but one steamjet under suitable conditions.

It is an. object of my present invention to make an injector which shall be automatic in its action under variable conditions of watersupply and steam-pressure. and that shall be capable of restarting itself if from any cause the jet shouldbe broken as soon as the disturbing cause is removed; and to this end my inven tion consists in providing an injector with a forcing combining-tube and a water-chamber provided with a wateniulet port and an overflow-port which communicates with the at mosphere, which chamber contains the re-' ceiving and overflow openings of this combining-tube, in combination with a forcing steam-nozzle which terminates forward of. the receiving end of the combining-tube; and it further consists in an annular lifting steamnozzle, an annular lifting combining-tube, a

vcentralforcing steanrnozzle, and a forcing combiningtube, the discharging end of the forcing steam-nozzle being forward of the lifting combining-tube; and it further consists in an annular lifting steam-nozzle, an annular lifting combining-tube, a central forcing steam-nozzle, and a forcing combiningtube, the discharging end of the forcing steamnozzle being forward of the receiving end of the forcing combiningtube; and it further consists in an annular lifting steam-nozzle, an annular lifting combining-tube, a central forcing steam-nozzle, a forcing combining-tube provided with a'forward overflow-opening, a rear overflow-opening located at a point in the rear of that where the diameter of the tube contracts to less than nine-tenths that of the discharging end of the steam-nozzle, with one or more intermediate overflow-openings, and an overflow-chamber in which all the overflow-openings are located.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Figure 1, Sheet 1,

represents a longitudinal vertical section through an injector embodying my present im- 6c provements. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the injector on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the ribs on the end of the forcing combining-tube on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal section through the steam-plug, steam-nozzles, and tubes, on an enlarged scale, and showing a different construction of the combining-tubes. Fig. 5 is a section of the same parts, showing another method of secur- 7o ing the tubes, and also shows the apparatus with one steamnozzle only. Fig. 6 shows auothermethod of securing the tubes and also a change in the position of the discharging end of the forcing steanrnozzle.

A is the body or case of the injector. B is the steam-inlet, O the water-inlet, and D the outlet through which the water is conveyed to the boiler; and for the purposes of this specification the end of the injector nearest the pipe that delivers the water to the boiler will be designated as the forward end, and the end toward the crank-handle J will be designated as the rear end, and the steamnozzle through which the steam flows that im- 8: parts the sole or principal impulse to the water will be designated as the forcing steamnozzle, and where the injector is provided with two steam-jets the one that first actsnpon the water will be designated as the lifting steam-jet and its nozzle as the lifting steamnozzle. 7

E is the forcing steam-nozzle, which is suitably secured in the case A of the injector, and is shown as securing in place the lifting steamtube F, the space between this tube F and the nozzle Eforming the annular lifting steam nozzle. The nozzle E is provided at its rear end with a valve-seat adapted to receive the valve G, formed on the spindle H, which is provided with a screw-thread and nut and handle J, by which the valve G may be opened to admit steam to theinterior of the nozzle E. The forward end of the spindle H is cylindrical,and formsa steam-plug, K,which fits easily within the nozzle E, as shown on an exaggerated scale in Fig. 4, it not being necessary that the plug K should fit steam-tight in the nozzle E. \Vhen the valve G is first lifted from its seat to admit steam, the plug K prevents the steam from flowing freely through the forward end of the nozzle E, but allows it to escape freely through the openings I) 1) into the annular space formed between the outside of the forcing-nozzleE and the inside of the annular jet-tube F, whence the steam discharges as an annular jet across the water-chamber L and into the lifting combining-tube llLwhich is secured in a partition, N, separating the waterchamber L from the overfiow-chamber O, the space between the tube M and the forcing- 'nozzle E forming the annular lifting combining-tube. The exterior of the forcing steamnozzle E thus forms the interior wall of both the annular lifting steam-jet and the annular lifting combining-tube throughout their entire length.

Theforcing steam-nozzle E is described and shown as terminating within the receiving end of the forcing combining-tube P. It may, however, be made shorter, so as to terminate with the discharging end of the lifting combining-tube M, as shown in Fig. 6, in which case it would terminate at the overflow-opening m, or it may terminate at any desired point forward of the discharging end of the lifting combining-tube M; but the construction shown is preferred;

The tube M is shown as formed with and united to the forcing combining-tube l by means of the ribs d d. The space between the forward end of the tube M and the rear end of the combining-tube 1? forms a discharge or overflow opening, m,for the escape of the steam from the annular lifting-nozzle and the entrained airintotheoverflow-chamberO,whenee they escape under the overflow cheelevalvef and through the overflow-passage g g. The forcing combining-tube P is shown as constructed in two parts, the forward part, 1?, being secured at its forward end to the rear o end of the delivery-tube S, which is shown as screwed to the piece T,whieh forms the guide for the boiler cheek-valve V, and is screwed into the forward or delivery end of the injector. By unscrewing the piece T the delivery-tube S and the forward part of the eombiningtube P may be withdrawn fromthc body for the purpose of examination or repairs. The usual forward orstarting overflow, It, is provided near and in the rear of the smallest diameter of the delivery-tube; but I also provide another or rear overflow, 7c, situated in the converging combiningtube in the rear of that point where the cross-sectional area of this tube contracts to less than the area of the smallest diameter of the forcing steamnozzle. I also provide overflow-openings intermediate between the overflows 7; and It, for

the purpose of facilitating the starting of the apparatus.

it is not essential that the tubes should be constructed as shown in Fig. l, for the combining tubes P and I may be made in one piece, as indicated in Fig. 4, instead of separate, as shown in Fig. 1; or they may be made in one piece with the delivery-tube S, the rear end of the tube 1 being in this case supported by a ring carried by the ribs (Z d on the tube M, as indicated in Fig. 5; or, if desired, the tube M. may also be joined to the others, in this case its bearing in the partition N being made without the screw-thread shown, but suitably packed to prevent leak, as in Fig. 6.

The operation of the injector is as follows: The water-inlet O bci ng in communication with the water-supply, the valve R is opened to allow the water to enter the chamber L. Steam is admitted to the chamber B and the handle J is operated to lift the valve G from its seat and permit the steam to enter the annularlifting steam-nozzle F through the holesb b. The steam issuing from this nozzle passes through the annular combining-tube M and escapes from the instrument partly through the overflow-opening m and partly through the overflow-openings provided in the combining-tube 1 P, through the overflow-chamber O and passage g g, and produces a strong vacuum in the water-chamber L, which lifts the water from the source of supply, and the united jet of steam and water is, by reason of its velocity, discharged into the rear or receiving end of the combining-tube P. The spindle H is now withdrawn until the steam-plug K is out of the forcing-nozzle E, allowing the steam to pass through the forcing-nozzle E and comein contact with the annularjet of water which is flowing into the combining-tube around the nozzle E. This jet of water has already considerable velocity, and the forcing steam-jet imparts to it the necessary increment of velocity to enable it to enter the boiler through the delivery-tube S and boiler-check V. 1f, now, from any cause the jet should be brokensay from a failure in the water-supply-the steam issuing from the forcing-nozzle E into the combining-tube 1 will escape through the overflows 7c and h and intermediate openings with such freedom that the steam which returns through the annular space formed between the nozzle E and combining-tubePand escapes into the overflow-chamber through the opening in will not have suflicient volume or force to interfere with the free discharge of the steam issuing from the annular lifting steam-nozzle and escaping through the same overflow, m and hence the lifting steam-jet will always tend to produce a vacuum in the water-chamber L, which will again lift the water when the supply is renewed, and the combined annular jet of steam and water will be forced into the forcing combining-tube 1? against the feeble current of steam returning through this tube and into contact with the steam issuing from the nozzle E, when the jet IlO will again be formed and will enter the boiler as before.

When the injector can be placed so that the water flows to it under a head and is of comparatively low' temperature, the annular lifting steam-jet and annular combining-tubemay.

be omitted, and the water-supply chamber L and the overflow-chamber 0 will then be in free communication, and will form one water chamber which will havca water-inlet port infree communication with the water-supply pipe and an overflow-port opening to the atmosphere, and which chamber will contain all of the openings of the forcing combining-tube. An arrangement for accomplishing this is indicatedin Fig. 5, and the water flowing to the combining tube will, surround the tube and submerge all of the receiving and overflow openings of this tube before overflowing into the passage 9 9 under the check-valve, which is placed at the top of the water'chamber. These two chambers are apparently separated by a diaphragm, which, however, serves only to conveniently support and center' the rear end of the combining tube, and when this com- 'bining-tube is supported in any other way this diaphragm would be omitted. Under these conditions the injector will be self-adjusting over a much greater range of steam-pressure than has hitherto been attainable with a fixednozzle single-jet injector. I have found that by prolonging theforcing steam-nozzle E until its discharging end is forward of the receiving end of the forcing combining-tube P, and by providing overflow-openings in this combining-tube, I am enabled to make a double jet injector automatic at all steam-pressures capable of taking feed-water at higher tem perature and of much greater range in quantity of water delivered than has hitherto been attained in this class of injectors.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is, in an injector 1. A forcing combining-tube anda waterchamber provided with a water-inlet port opening into and an overflow-port opening out of said chamber, which chamber contains the receiving and overflow openings of this combining-tube, in combination with a forcing steam-nozzle which terminates forward of the receiving end of the combining-tube, substantially as described.

2. An annular lifting steam-nozzle, an annular combining-tube, and a central forcing steanrnozzle which terminates forward of the discharging end of the annular combiningtube, in combination with a combining-tube provided with an overflow-opening located at a point in the rear of that where the diameter of this tube contracts to less than nine-tenths that of the discharging end of the forcing steam-nozzle and forward of the receiving end of this combining-tube, substantially as described. 3. An annular lifting steam-nozzle, an annular lifting combining-tube, a central forcing steam-nozzle, and a forcing combining-tube provided with an overflow-opening located at a point in the rear of that where the diameter of the tube contracts to less than nine-tenths that of the discharging end of the forcing steam-nozzle and forward of the receiving end of this combining-tube, in combination with an overflow-chamber in which all of the over flow-openings are located, substantially as de'- scribed.

STRIOKLAND L. KNEASS.

\Vitnesses:

CHAS. E. PANCOAST, JOHN L. PHILLIPS. 

